梵净山荠菜、鸭儿芹营养成分分析

Analysis of Nutritive Composition of the Capsella bursa-pastoris(Linn.)Medicus and Cryptotaenia japonica Hassk in Mount Fanjing

该研究以梵净山荠菜和鸭儿芹为材料,对二者的营养成分进行了测定分析,为梵净山野菜资源的开发利用提供理论依据。结果表明,梵净山荠菜中粗蛋白含量较高为(15.84±0.02)g/100g,粗脂肪含量较低为(2.55±0.06)g/100g,氨基酸总量达15.217 g/100g,EAA/TAA为43.46%,EAA/NEAA为89.45%,矿物质元素中以钾和镁的含量最高,分别为12935.2mg/kg和8250.9mg/kg。而梵净山鸭儿芹中粗纤维含量最高为(19.18±0.15)g/100g,粗多糖含量最低为(3.29±0.19)g/100g,氨基酸总量达14.385 g/100g,EAA/TAA为39.88%,EAA/NEAA为77.08%,矿物质元素中以钾和镁含量最高,钙次之,其中K含量为12333.2mg/kg,Mg含量为11028.85mg/kg,Ca含量为1232.7mg/kg。可见,梵净山荠菜是一种较好的高植物蛋白、低脂肪的野菜,而鸭儿芹是一种高维生素、高纤维低糖的野菜,同时二者都含有丰富的矿物质元素,必需氨基酸种类齐全,具有较强的开发价值。

In the study, the nutritive composition of the Capsella bursa-pastoris （Linn.） Medicus and Cryptotaenia japonica Hassk of Mount Fanjing was analyzed and evaluated to provide scientific information for them exploitation and development.The results indicated that Capsella bursa-pastoris （Linn.） Medicus of Mount Fanjing was rich in crude protein, low in crude fat, which were up to 15.84＋0.02 g/100g and 2.55±0.06 g/100g, respectively. The composition of total amino acids was 15.217 g/100g, and the ratio of essential amino acids （EAA）/TAA and EAA/nonessential amino acids （NEAA） was 43.46% and 89.45%, respectively. The contents of K and Mg in the tested mineral elements were higher, 12935.2 mg/kg and 8250.9 mg/kg, respectively. In addition, Cryptotaenia japonica Hassk of Mount Fanjing was rich in crude firbe, low in crude polysaccharides, which were up to 19.18±0.15 g/100g and 3.29± 0.19 g/10Og, respectively. The composition of total amino acids was 14.385 g/100g, and EAA/TAA and EAA/NEAA was 39.88% and 77.08%, respectively. The contents of potassium, magnesium and calcium in the tested mineral elements were higher, which were 12333.2 mg/kg, 11028.85 mg/kg and 1232.7 mg/kg, respectively.On the basis of these analyses, it can be concluded that Capsella bursa-pastoris （Linn.） Medic was a wild vegetable with high protein, low fat. Cryptotaenia japonica Hassk was a wild vegetable with high vitamin C and crude firbe, low sugar also. Meanwhile, the two kinds of vegetables rich in mineral element, essential amino acids were available. Therefore, they had great development value.