比格犬自体牙移植的影像学和组织学观察

Imaging and histological observation of teeth autotransplantation in Beagle dog

目的通过分析比格犬自体牙移植术后影像学和组织学变化,探究移植牙的牙周组织修复机理。方法选择1只8月龄比格犬,左侧下颌前磨牙区为受体区进行前牙自体牙移植。术后进行X线检查和组织学HE染色,观察移植牙牙周愈合情况。结果术后1个月X线片显示1号移植牙(左侧下颌第二前磨牙位)牙周间隙明显缩小,根尖周可见小范围透射影像,牙颈部有外吸收影像;2号牙(左侧下颌第一前磨牙位)根管内上1/3部分出现牙根内吸收。术后2个月X线片表明移植牙牙周愈合情况良好,1号牙外吸收影像稍增大,2号牙内吸收影像未见扩大。组织学HE染色切片可见根尖部有纤维束形成,但在牙颈部、髓腔和根尖部有大量淋巴细胞和少量浆细胞浸润。结论自体牙移植术后牙周膜愈合较好,但牙齿拔除时要注意减少牙颈部的机械性损伤,移植后牙髓治疗的时机是减少术后并发症的关键要素之一。

Objective To study the mechanism of periodontal tissue repair of transplanted tooth by analyzing the imaging and histological changes of autogenous transplanted tooth in Beagle dog.Methods For a 8-months-old beagle,the left mandibular premolar region was used as receptor region for autologous tooth transplantation of anterior teeth.X-ray examination was done after operation to observe the periodontal healing of transplanted teeth.Results X-ray at one month after operation showed that the No.1 tooth （left mandibular second premolar） has a narrowed periodontal gap,a small periapical radiolucency and external resorption at tooth neck;No.2 tooth （the left mandibular first premolar） has a internal resorption in the upper 1/3 root canal.Two-month post-operative X-ray examination indicated the periodontal healing of transplanted teeth was perfect.The external resorption of No.1 tooth enlarged and internal resorption of No.2 tooth remained the same.HE staining results showed that new fibrous bundle was formed at the root tip.A large number of lymphocytes and some plasmocytes exited at the tooth neck,pulp cavity and root tip.Conclusion Autogenous tooth transplantation can achieve good periodontal membrane healing.It is important to reduce the mechanical damage to tooth neck while pulling out the teeth.The timing of the dental pulp treatment after transplantation is one of the key elements to reduce postoperative complications.