住院精神疾病病人代币奖励物需求调查

Analyses on Needs of Token Encouragement in Hospitalized Psychiatric Patients

目的:了解住院精神疾病病人对获得实物和活动的期望程度,为开展代币制疗法、确定适合的代币提供依据。方法:自编住院精神疾病病人奖励需求调查问卷,对93名清醒且愿意配合凋查的住院精神疾病病人进行调查。结果:住院精神疾病病人的奖励需求依次为:家人前来探望、开放、病友的尊重、听音乐、假出院、护士的表扬、医生的赞许、单位领导和同事的探望、室外活动、周末回家、打电话、有零用钱、吃点心等;女性病人对假出院、周末回家、打电话、得到护士和医生的赞许、吃点心的需求高于男性病人;男性病人对香烟的需求高于女性病人;年长者对看电影、写信、香烟、零用钱、家人前来探望、单位领导和同事探望的需求高于年轻者。结论:住院精神疾病病人存在多种不同程度的心理需求;不同性别、年龄段病人的奖励需求有所差异,在进行代币制疗法时应根据病人的不同需要确定个性化的代币奖励物。

Objective: To understand the expectation of obtaining practicalities and activities in hospitalized psychiatric patients in order to provide evidence for the token therapy and for developing a suitable token system. Methods: A questionnaire was applied to survey 93 cooperative hospitalized patients who were with psychiatric disorders. Results: The needs of the hospitalized psychiatric patients were in following sequence: Famliy members' visitation, open wards, bunkmate's respect, listening to music, conditional discharge, praises from nurses and doctors, visitation from supervisors and colleagues, outdoor activities, week - end discharge, making calls, having pocket - money, having refreshment. The female patients had higher needs in conditional and week - end dischare, getting praises from nurses and doctors, having refreshment than the male patients while the male patients had a higher need in cigarettes than the female.The patients who were 35 or above had higher needs in watching movies, writing letters, cigarettes, having pocket - money, family members' visitation and visitation from supervisors than those who were under35. Conclusions: There are various and different degree of psychological needs in hospitalized psychiatric patients.In addition, the ressults also show different needs between sex and among ages.Individualized token encouragement should be established when the token therapy is applied.