石家庄市肉鸡屠宰和市售环节弯曲菌污染状况及耐药分析

Contamination and antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter from chicken slaughters and markets in Shijiazhuang City

目的了解石家庄市肉鸡屠宰和市售环节中弯曲菌的污染状况及对12种抗生素的耐药谱和耐药特征。方法采集屠宰前肉鸡肛拭子、鸡酮体涂抹拭子标本和市售鸡肉、鸡肝脏样品,参照GB 4789.9—2014《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验空肠弯曲菌检验》和多重聚合酶链式反应(PCR)方法进行弯曲菌的分离和鉴定,用K-B纸片法对分离弯曲菌进行6类12种抗生素药敏测定。结果在439份标本/样品中共有17份检出弯曲菌,总检出率为3.9%(17/439)。空肠弯曲菌对萘啶酸、左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星和四环素的耐药率均为85.7%(6/7),对庆大霉素、链霉素、丁胺卡那、阿奇霉素、氟苯尼考全部敏感。结肠弯曲菌除对阿奇霉素、多西环素、氟苯尼考的耐药率小于50.0%外,对环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、萘啶酸、庆大霉素、丁胺卡那、四环素、链霉素、克林霉素的耐药率均高于80.0%。17株弯曲菌多重耐药率为70.6%(12/17),呈11种耐药谱型,市售环节分离株耐药谱型多于屠宰环节分离株,并具有各自不同的优势耐药谱型。结论石家庄市肉鸡屠宰和市售环节均有一定程度的弯曲菌污染,分离株多重耐药情况严重,呈多种耐药谱型。

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of Campylobacter spp. from slaughters and markets in Shijiazhuang City. Methods Chicken samples including anal swab before slaughter,ketones smear,chicken and liver were collected. Campylobacter spp. were isolated and identified according to GB/T 4789. 9-2014 and multiplex polymerase chain reaction（ PCR） method. The antibiotics susceptibility testing was conducted by the method of KirbyBauer with 12 kinds of antibiotics of 6 categories. Results Totally 17 strains of Campylobacter spp. were detected from439 samples and the detection rate was 3. 9%（ 17/439）. The resistance rates of Campylobacter jejuni to nalidixic acid,levofloxacin,ciprofloxacin and tetracycline were 85. 7%（ 6/7）. All Campylobacter jejuni isolates were susceptible to gentamicin,streptomycin,amikacin,azithromycin and florfenicol. Furthermore,the resistance rate of Campylobacter coli to azithromycin,doxycycline and florfenicol was less than 50. 0%,while was up to 80. 0% to ciprofloxacin,levofloxacin,nalidixic acid,gentamicin,amikacin,tetracycline,streptomycin and clindamycin. The multi-drug resistance rate of Campylobacter was 70. 6%（ 12/17）,which showed 11 resistance patterns. The drug resistance patterns from market isolates were more than those from the slaughterhouse, and both had different dominant drug resistance profiles.Conclusion There was a certain degree of Campylobacter contamination in the slaughter and market in Shijiazhuang. The multi-drug resistance of the isolates was serious.