衢州市15—69岁城乡居民健康素养现状调查

Investigation on Health Literacy of Urban and Rural Residents aged 15—69 years old in Quzhou

目的监测衢州市居民健康素养状况和变化趋势,探讨健康素养水平提升措施。方法采用分层、多阶段随机抽样方法,抽取4 808名15—69周岁常住居民的信息,通过使用《全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》对其进行入户调查。结果 2015年,衢州市居民具备健康素养的总体比率为13.55%。具备基本知识和理念素养、健康生活方式与行为素养、健康基本技能素养的比例分别是22.70%、16.18%和20.53%。具备6类健康素养的人群达标比例从高到低分别是安全与急救素养55.39%、科学健康观素养36.29%、传染病防治素养22.90%、健康信息素养22.09%、基本医疗素养12.90%、慢性病防治素养8.62%。25—34岁年龄组健康素养最高;文化程度越高,健康素养水平越高;机关事业单位人员健康素养水平高于其他职业;城市居民健康素养水平高于农村。结论衢州市居民健康素养水平有待提升,要大力开展全民健康素养促进行动,慢性病防治和基本医疗方面的知识与技能是重点内容。

Objective To monitor the status and trend of health literacy （HL） of residents in Quzhou, and to explore measures to improve the level of HL. Methods 4808 local residents aged 15-69 years old were selected randomly by stratified multistage random sampling method and then surveyed through the national monitoring questionnaire of HL of resi- dents. Results The overall level of HL of Quzhou residents was 13.55% in 2015. In addition, the HL rates of basic health knowledge and concept, health lifestyle and behaviors, basic skills were 22.70%, 16.18% and 20.53% respectively. 6 kinds of HL rates of from high to low were safety and first aid 55.39%, scientific health concept 36.29%, infectious disease pre- vention 22.90%, health information 22.09%, basic medical care 12.90%, chronic disease prevention were 8.62% respec- tively. People of 25-34years old had the highest HL. People with better education had higher HL. People working in orga- nizations and institutions had higher HL than other occupation. The HL of urban residents was significantly higher than ru- ral areas. Conclusion The HL of Quzhou residents needs to be improved. The national HL promotion activity should be car- ried out vigorously. Chronic disease prevention and basic medical care are the important contents of health education.