清代前中期人口激增引发的社会问题论略

Social Problems Due to Population Boom in the Early and Middle Qing Period

清代前中期人口激增问题一直是学术界颇为关注的一个领域。对于人口增多问题,一方面,在传统的农业社会,人丁是第一生产力,人丁的数量与国之富强紧密相关,人丁数量越多,国家就会越富强;另一方面,人丁在这一时期迅速增长从而引发一系列社会民生问题。文章在钱泳《履园丛话》史料的基础上,以清代前中期人口迅速增长为视角,分析这一时期人口激增所引发的田价、粮价、银价上涨及如何安顿穷人等社会民生问题,加深人们对清代前中期人口问题、社会民生问题的认识,从而为当前我国人口发展提供借鉴。

The problems caused by population boom in the early and middle Qing period have been a hot topic in the academic circle. When it comes to the issue of population boom,on the one hand, since population make main productivity in the traditional agricultural society the number of people was related to the prosperity of the nation, in other words, the more the popu- lation was the richer the nation would be ; however, on the other side, the rapid increase of popu- lation triggered a series of social problems. With Qian Yong s ＂Collections of Lvyuan＂ as his- torical materials ,the social problems caused by population boom are analyzed in terms of the land price,food price, silver value rising,and how to deal with poverty. It aims to have a better understanding on the population issue in the early and middle Qing period as well as the social problems due to this ,which may be of reference value.