中日两国在全球价值链上分工地位的演进特征及差异比较——基于行业上游度测算的视角

An Analysis and Comparison of the Characteristics and Differences between the Division Positions of China and Japan in the Global Value Chain: From a Perspective of Industry Upstream Measurement

基于行业上游度测算的视角,利用WIOD的国家投入产出表,对1995—2011年中日两国的全球价值链上的分工地位展开系统的测算及比较分析。研究表明:在本文的考察期内,中国整体和细分行业基本位于全球价值链的相对上游环节,并存在进一步向全球价值链的中间投入端转移的趋势;日本整体和细分行业基本表现出向全球价值链的最终使用端靠拢的趋向。基于偏离-份额分析法的分解结果显示,在2003年以前,行业间效应是导致中国向全球价值链下游环节转移的主要动因,在此之后,行业内效应则成为中国向全球价值链上游环节移动的主导因素;但在推动日本转向价值链下游环节的过程中,行业间和行业内效应发挥着近乎同等作用。

From the perspective of industry upstream measurement, this paper makes use of the national input-output tables of WIOD to conduct a systematic measurement and comparative analysis of the division positions of China and Japan in the global value chain during the period of 1995-2011. The results show that during the investigate period of this study, China＇s overall and sub- divided industries are generally located at the relative upstream links in the global value chain, with a tendency of further transferring into the intermediate input end in the global value chain. Japan＇s overall and subdivided industries basically display a tendency of approaching the final use end in the global value chain. The decomposition results based on the shill-share method show that before 2003 the inter-industry effect is the main motive leading China to the downstream links of the global value chain, aRer that, the effect within the industries becomes the leading factor moving China into the upstream links in the global value chain. However, during the period of pushing Japan into the down- stream links in the value chain, both the inter-industry and inside-industry effects are playing an almost same role.