军人战争心理创伤特点研究与展望

Research and prospects on characteristics of war psychic trauma in military personnel

战争心理创伤是指战场环境、军事作业和武器对参战人员的身体造成损伤而引起不良的心理反应，或由某种强烈的情绪伤害所造成的心理功能失调。

War psychic trauma refers to adverse psychological reactions caused by body damage because of the battlefield environment, military operations and weapons, or psychological dysfunction caused by some kind of strong emotional damage during wartime. Based on the data about the psychic trauma in 6 wars across the modern world, we analyzed the types of war psychic trauma and subdivided the types from the single dimension of body and mind to body-psychology-mental dimensional segmentation, which mainly manifested as fear, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and alcohol dependence, etc. As high-tech weapons and equipments are widely used in modem wars, nonbattle injury casualty and incidence of war trauma are multiplied. War duration length is proportional to war psychic trauma, and performs a ＂V＂ type tendency to suicide rate. The incidence rate of psychic trauma was higher in soldiers who participated in warfare than those hadn＇ t, and in the soldiers than the officers. Aiming at war psychic trauma, the researches on military psychology should focus on the theories about basic war trauma, precise psychological selection for soldiers, technical training for excellent mental health, and the medical service of war trauma, which will be helpful to provide theoretical and practical support to enhance psychological quality and combat effectiveness in officers and soldiers.