高海拔环境下军人状态-特质焦虑的特点研究

Characteristics of state-trait anxiety in military personnel in high altitude

目的研究高海拔环境下军人状态-特质焦虑的特点。方法采用状态-特质焦虑问卷(state-trait anxiety inventory,STAI),对驻高原地区45个部队6 019名军人进行团体测评,分析军人状态-特质焦虑的特点。结果 (1)性别:女性TAI得分显著高于男性(P<0.01)。(2)职别:军官组SAI和TAI得分显著高于士兵和士官组(P<0.01)。(3)年龄:>30岁组TAI得分显著高于25岁以下各组(P<0.01);>25~30岁组TAI得分显著高于20岁以下各组(P<0.01)。(4)军龄:TAI得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);>12~16年组和>16年组TAI得分显著高于≤1年、>1~2年、>2~5年和>5~8年组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。(5)海拔高度:SAI和TAI得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);≤2 000 m组SAI和TAI得分显著高于>2 500~3 000 m组(P<0.01)。(6)文化程度:呈现SAI和TAI得分大学及以上组>高中(中专)组>初中及以下组的趋势(P<0.01)。(7)非独生子女组SAI得分显著低于独生子女组(P<0.05)。结论高海拔环境的军人状态特质焦虑在性别、职别、年龄、军龄、文化程度、独生子女情况和海拔高度上差异有统计学意义。

Objective To investigate the characteristic of state-trait anxiety in the officers and soldiers stationed at plateau. Methods State-Trait Anxiety Inventory （STAI） were employed to survey 6 019 officers and soldiers from 45 plateau troops through group survey. The characteristic of state-trait anxiety in the participants were analyzed. Results （1） Compared with the male participants, the female ones obtained higher score of trait anxiety （P 〈 0.01 ）. （2） The STAI scores were significantly higher in the officers than the soldiers and sergeants （P 〈 0.01 ）. （3） The score of trait anxiety was remarkably higher in the participants over 30 years old soldiers than those younger than 25 years old （ P 〈 0.01 ）, and the scores in the 〉 20 - 30-year- old than the 〈 20-year-old （ P 〈 0.01 ）. （4） The score of trait anxiety was significantly different in the participants with different length of service （P 〈0.05, P 〈0.01 ）. The score of those with service length of 〉12 to 16 years and of 〉16 years was higher those with the length of 〈1, 〉1 -2, 〉2-5 and 〉5 8 years respectively （P 〈 0.05, P 〈 0.01 ）. （5） The scores of state anxiety and trait anxiety were significanlly different among those stationed at different altitude levels （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Those at altitude level of 〈 2 000 mhad significantly higher scores of state anxiety and trait anxiety than those at 〉2 500 -3 000 m （P 〈0.01 ）. （6） On education levels, the scores of the participants with college level and above were significantly higher than those of senior and junior middle school group （ P 〈 0.01 ）. （7） The status anxiety score was lower in those from non-single-child family than those from single-child family （P 〈 O. 01 ）. Gonclusion The officers and soldiers stationed at plateau have significant different characteristics in status and trait anxiety in aspects of gender, rank, age, service length, educational level, from single-child family or not, and altitude levels.