不同直播方式下种子处理方式对直播稻出苗和产量的影响

Effects of Seed Treatments on Seedling Emergence and Yield of Direct Seeding Rice under Different Direct Seeding Methods

为了选择合理的种子处理方式,解决水稻机直播全苗问题,选择杂交稻川优6203、常规稻金农丝苗,在水直播、旱直播方式下,比较了干种子直播、浸泡48 h后直播、浸泡48h催芽至露白后直播、浸泡48 h催芽至半粒谷长后直播等方式对水稻出苗率、基本苗数、有效穗数、颖花数、结实率、千粒重以及产量的影响。结果表明,种子浸泡48 h催芽至露白时播种,有较高的出苗率,可以确保较高的基本苗数。不同种子处理方式对直播稻的有效穗数、千粒重的影响达极显著水平,对颖花数及结实率的影响不显著。在水直播方式下浸泡48 h,催芽露白或至半粒谷长时直播,不仅有利于增加群体数量,还有利于改善产量性状。无论采用水直播还是旱直播方式,宜将种子浸种48 h后催芽至露白时进行机直播,出苗率高,群体足,产量性状合理,可以获得较高产量。

A field experiment was carried out to explore the effects of seed treatments on seedling emergence and yield of direct seeding rice under different direct seeding methods. The results showed that the rate of emergence was higher in the treatment of the seeds were soaked for 48 h and showed white after germination. There were significant differences in effective panicles and 1 000-grain weight among different seed treatments, but were no significant differences in grains per panicle and seed setting rate. In wet direct seeding, the seeds were soaked for 48 hours and germination to half grain length, which was useful to improve the population size and yield traits. In conclusion, the seeds were soaked for 48h and showed white after germination in dry direct seeding or wet direct seeding, which would have higher rate of emergence and grain yield.