丽水地区7813名学龄前儿童微量元素检测结果与贫血关系的研究

Study on the relationship between test results of trace elements and anemia in 7813 preschool children in Lishui area

目的了解丽水地区3~6岁学龄前儿童末梢血中钙、铜、锌、镁、铁的水平,探讨与贫血的关系,为指导儿童营养及合理补充微量元素提供依据。方法对2013年1月~2015年12月在丽水市妇幼保健院体检的3~6岁儿童,进行钙、铜、锌、镁、铁5种微量元素及血红蛋白的检测。结果在5种微量元素中,锌的缺乏率最高,占15.3%。其次是钙、镁,占9.9%和8.9%,铁、铜两种微量元素缺乏较少;不同年龄组之间微量元素差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);贫血组与健康组微量元素比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论丽水地区学龄前儿童存在不同程度的微量元素缺乏,并且微量元素缺乏对儿童贫血产生一定的影响。建议定期对儿童进行微量元素的检测,同时加大宣传力度。对于微量元素缺乏的儿童要进行合理的饮食指导或者药物补充,确保儿童健康成长。

Objective To investigate the levels of calcium, copper, zinc, magnesium and iron in the peripheral blood of children aged 3-6 years in Lishui area, and to provide the basis for nutrition and reasonable supplementation of trace elements. Methods Five kinds of trace elements including calcium, copper, zinc, magnesium and iron, and hemoglobin were tested in children aged 3-6 years old from January 2013 to December 2015 in Lishui maternal and child health hospital. Results In the five kinds of trace elements, the zinc deficiency rate was the highest with 15.3%, followed by calcium, magnesium, with the proportion of 9.9%, 8.9%, and trace elements of iron and copper lack less. The differences of trace elements among different age groups were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The difference in trace elements be- tween the anemia group and the health group was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion There are different levels of trace elements deficiencies in preschool children in Lishui area, and the lack of trace elements has some effect on children＇s anemia. It is recommended to regularly detect the trace elements of children and to increase publicity efforts. A reasonable diet guidance or drug supplement is to be conducted for children with trace element deficiencies to ensure the healthy growth of children.