车用动力电池热防护与散热集成研究

Study on an Integrated Lithium Battery System in EV Combining Cooling and Thermal Runaway Protection

针对车用动力电池组存在散热与热失控防护设计需求不一致的问题,提出了在电池组内交替安置隔热板与热管的集成热管理方案。利用Matlab/Simulink仿真软件以方形三元锂离子电池为对象建立电池组仿真模型,通过对比分析4种热管理方案在正常和热失控两种工况下的性能优劣,验证此集成系统散热和热防护性能的可靠性。结果表明,此集成系统热管理性能明显优于单一的热管冷却系统或热防护装置,不仅可以有效提高电池组散热能力,改善电池组内部温度分布均匀性,同时能够延缓热失控传播,提高电池组运行安全性。

Aiming at the contradictory requirements of cooling and thermal runaway protection, an integrated lithium battery pack combining cooling and thermal runaway protection had been proposed. The prismatic MnNiCo ternary battery was taken as research object and a simulation model was built based on Matlab/Simulink. The performances of four thermal management schemes under both normal and thermal runaway conditions were discussed respectively to verify the reliability of the integrated system. The analysis shows, the performance of this integrated system is clearly superior to that of a single heat pipe cooling system or other thermal protection devices. It can not only improve the uniformity of temperature distribution, but also delay the spread of a thermal runaway to adjacent cells, increasing the safety of battery pack operation.