地沟油制备生物柴油用脱色剂和催化剂的选择

Election of Decolorizer and Catalyst for Preparation of Biodiesel from Swill-cooked Dirty Oil

以地沟油为原料,比较活性炭和白土、雕白粉、双氧水对地沟油的脱色效果,白土-活性炭15∶1混合,脱色率84.34%,效果最好。两步法制生物柴油,以硫酸、磷酸、对甲苯磺酸做预酯化催化剂对脱色后地沟油预酯化,在温度70℃、反应时间120 min时,对甲苯磺酸催化效率较高,酸值为5.02 mg KOH/g。以浓硫酸、磷酸、KOH、NaOH、732树脂为催化剂,酯交换反应制生物柴油,在醇油摩尔比6∶1、催化剂用量为油脂质量1%、反应温度60℃、反应时间90 min时,选用Na OH作为酯交换催化剂,酯交换产率可达到85.03%。

Based on the comparison of swill-cooked dirty oil as raw material, decolorization of swill-cooked dirty oil with hydrogen peroxide, activated carbon and clay, rongalite was analyzed, when clay and activated carbon were mixed in 15 ： 1, decolorization effect was the best, the decolorization rate was 84.34%. With two biodiesel, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid were used in pre esterification for swill-cooked dirty oil after decolorization, at a temperature of 70 ℃, the reaction time of 120 min, pre esterification catalyzed by p-toluenesulfonic acid was 5.02 mgKOH/g. Using concentrated sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, KOH, NaOH, 732 ester exchange resin as catalysts, biodiesel was synthesized, when the molar ratio of methanol to oil was 6 ： 1, the amount of catalyst was 1% of oil quality, the reaction temperature was 60 ~C, reaction time was 90 min, choosing NaOH as a transesterification catalyst for preparation of biodiesel, transesterification yield can reach 85.03 %.