大庆减渣超声减粘实验研究

Study on Viscosity Reduction for Daqing Vacuum Residual by Ultrasonic Cavitation

减压渣油因为粘度大,难以输送。本文利用自行搭建的超声空化装置对大庆减压渣油(下称"大庆减渣")进行了减粘实验研究。以甲醇和乙醇为助空化剂,考察了温度、反应时间、助空化剂类型和用量等因素对大庆减渣减粘效果的影响。结果表明:150℃下空化时间5 h,加入体积分数5%的甲醇和乙醇后,油样粘度分别下降3.91%和5.03%,发现3 h为最合适的反应时间;将改质后的油样与原始油样进行馏分馏出温度对比,发现二者温度曲线差别很大,原因是超声空化过程中发生了化学反应。

Vacuum residue has high viscosity and is difficult to transport. One ultrasonic cavitation deviceis set up and is used to study the effect of viscosity reduction for Daqiang vacuum residue. Using methanol and ethanol as assistant agents of cavitation, the effects of temperature, reaction time, and effect of assistant cavitation agent type and dosage on the Daqing vacuum residue were carried out. The results showed that the ultrasonic treatment process can reduce the vacuum residue＇s viscosity. At 150℃ and 5h reaction period, addition of methanol and ethanol volume fraction was 5% , the residue oil viscosity were decreased by 3.91% and 5.03 % , and the most suitable reaction time was 3 h. There was an obvious difference between the simulated distillation curves of treated oil by cavitation and the raw oil, it indicated that there were some chemical reaction occurs in the ultrasonic cavitation.