骨科创伤手术后患者并发下肢深静脉血栓的预防和治疗

Prevention and treatment of lower deep vein thrombosis in orthopedics trauma postoperative patients

目的探讨骨科创伤手术后患者并发下肢深静脉血栓的治疗方法和预防措施。方法选取我院收治的骨科创伤患者226例为研究对象,随机分为研究组和对照组,各113例。对照组患者未采取预防措施,研究组患者给予预防措施。比较两组患者的下肢深静脉血栓的发生率及采取不同方案治疗的总有效率。结果研究组下肢静脉血栓的发生率为14.16%,显著低于对照组的51.33%(P<0.05)。研究组下肢髂股静脉血栓、小腿静脉血栓及混合型血栓发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。导管溶栓及手术取栓治疗总有效率明显高于药物抗凝治疗的73.08%(P<0.05)。结论对骨科创伤患者术后采取有效的预防措施能够降低下肢深静脉血栓的发生率,对于已经形成的下肢深静脉血栓,可利用导管溶栓及手术取栓进行治疗,能取得很好的临床疗效。

Objective To investigate the prevention and treatment of lower deep vein thrombosis in orthopedics trauma postoperative patients. Methods A total of 226 patients with orthopedic trauma admitted in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into study group and control group, with 113 cases in each group. The control group did not take preventive measures, the study group was given preventive measures. The incidence rate of lower deep vein thrombosis of the two groups and the total effective rate of different treatment methods were compared. Results The incidence rate of lower deep vein thrombosis of the study group was 14.16%, which was lower than 51.33% of the control group（P〈0.05）.The incidence rates of lower extremity iliac femoral vein thrombosis, calf vein thrombosis and mixed type vein thrombosis of the study group were lower than those of the control group（P〈0.05）. The total effective rates of catheter-directed thrombolysis and surgical thrombectomy were higher than that of the drug anticoagulation（73.08%）（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Effective prevention for orthopedics trauma postoperative patients can reduce the incidence rate of lower extremity iliac femoral vein thrombosis. Catheter-directed thrombolysis and surgical thrombectomy have significant clinical effects in the treatment of lower deep vein thrombosis.