我国死亡赔偿金的性质辨析

Analysis on the Essence of Compensation for Death in China

死亡赔偿金的性质在我国理论界、实务界有着不同的认识,且争议较大,法院对此类案件的解决方法甚至容易上升至宪法意义上的平等问题。本文从简述理论争议、揭示法律矛盾入手,参考国外侵权法上相关内容,首先论证赔偿对象不应为死者本人,而应为一些与死者有关的人;接着从司法的角度说明死亡赔偿金不适为生命价值赔偿,也并非精神损害赔偿,但精神损害赔偿在侵权造成死亡的情形下确有缺失;最后在逸失利益说下的两种观点内比较取舍,得出死亡赔偿金应为对继承人可继承财产丧失的赔偿的结论。

The character of compensation for death has a different recognition and consider - able debate in the circle of China＇ s circles of theory and practice, the solution to such cases in courts is subjective to equality on the significance of constitutions. Starting with simple statement of theoreti- cal judgment and revealing law paradoxes, the essay referring to the relative content of foreign tort law and firstly demonstrated that the compensating figure should be the dead person himself but should be people related with him. Following it the essay revealed on the version from the legisla- tion that the compensation for death are not suitable for the value of life or spiritual damage. But the spiritual compensation literally presents with deficiency under the death caused by tort. Compa- ring acquisition and loss under the viewpoints of lost profit by drawing the conclusion that the com- pensation for death should be the compensation for heir＇ s inheritable property＇ s loss.