乳晕入路腔镜甲状腺切除术与传统甲状腺切除术的术后并发症对比分析

Comparative observation of postoperative complications of endoscopic thyroidectomy and conventional thyroidectomy

目的探究乳晕入路腔镜甲状腺切除术和传统甲状腺切除术在术后并发症上的差异。方法在我院于2014年6月至2016年6月收治的甲状腺疾病患者中随机抽取200例作为研究对象,根据手术方法的不同将患者分为观察组和对照组,观察组100例患者采用乳晕入路腔镜甲状腺切除术治疗,对照组100例患者采用传统甲状腺切除术治疗,统计分析两组患者的手术时间、引流时间、住院时间和术后并发症发生率。结果两组患者的手术时间对比差异不明显(P>0.05);观察组患者的术后引流时间和住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05);在术后并发症发生率上,观察组患者的皮下瘀斑发生率为1.00%,低于对照组的7.00%,皮下气肿发生率为8.00%,高于对照组的1.00%(P<0.05);在喉返神经损伤、切口感染、术后出血、其他的发生率上比较,两组差异不明显(P>0.05)。结论乳晕入路腔镜甲状腺切除术对患者的损伤较小,患者术后恢复快,不会增加术后并发症的发生率,值得在临床治疗中推广应用。

Objective To explore the difference of postoperative complications between endoscopic thyroidectomy and tra- ditional thyroidectomy. Methods Two hundred cases of patients with thyroid disease admitted in our hospital from June 2014 to June 2016 were randomly selected as the study subjects, the patients were divided into observation group and control group according to the different surgical methods. One hundred patients in the observation group were treated with breast areola approach endoscopic thyroidectomy, and 100 cases in the control group were treated with traditional thyroidectomy, the oper- ative time, drainage time, length of hospital stay and postoperative complications were statistically analyzed between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in the operation time between the two group （P〉0.05）; the postoperative drainage time and hospitalization time of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group （P〈0.05）; in the incidence of postoperative complications, the incidence rate of subcutaneous ecchymosis in the observation group was 1.00%, which was lower than 7.00% in the control group, and the incidence rate of subcutaneous emphysema was 8.00%, which was higher than 1.00% in the control group （P〈0.05）. The differences of nerve injury, incision infection, postoperative bleeding and other complications incidence rates between the two groups were not significant （P〉0.05）. Conclusion Endoscopic thyroidectomy via breast areola approach has less damage to patients, can promote patients to recover quickly, and will not increase the incidence of postoperative complications, which is worthy of popularization and application in clinical treatment.