Re–Os同位素油气成藏定年研究进展

Progress of rhenium-osmium isotopes in the study of dating petroleum system

铼(Re)和锇(Os)元素以络合物的形式赋存于有机质中,富集并稳定地保存在黑色岩系、油砂、原油和沥青等地质样品中而保持良好的封闭体系,从而被应用于油气藏的Re–Os同位素定年。Re–Os在矿床同位素年龄厘定方面取得了重要成果,同时Re–Os也在油气藏方面取得了突破。Re–Os溶样方法逐渐成熟,Carius管溶样法是目前溶样的主要方法;负离子热电离质谱法(N–TIMS)和等离子体质谱法(ICP–MS)是目前主流的质谱测试方法。Re–Os目前在辉钼矿应用中已有较成熟的体系,利用Re–Os同位素体系,在黑色岩系、原油、油砂、沥青已经可以得到地层沉积年龄、厘定成气成油的时代以及示踪成藏等相关信息,但目前Re–Os在油气藏中定年体系还不完善,缺少一个完整可行的行业指南和标准。

Rhenium(Re) and osmium(Os) elements are hosted in organic matter in form of complex compounds,enriched and stably existent in geological samples like black rock series,oil sands,oil and asphalt,and keep good closed system,thus it is applied to Re-Os isotopic dating of reservoirs.Rhenium osmium made important achievements in the isotope age of ore deposits,Rhenium osmium also made a breakthrough in hydrocarbon reservoirs.By summarizing the methods of collect samples,dissolve samples and test in geological minerals and reservoirs,the methods of dissolving samples are gradually mature,the dissolving method of Carius tube is the main method,the N—TIMS and ICP-MS are mainstream mass spectrum test methods at present.Therefore,the progress and deficiency of the studies on Re-Os geochronology of oil and gas reservoirs over the last decade was summarized.Through applications of Rhenium osmium in molybdenite,by using Rhenium osmium isotope system,the formation sedimentary age,hydrocarbon generation time and the tracer accumulation in the black rock series,crude oil,oil sands and bitumen were made clear.While the rhenium osmium in the reservoirs system is not perfect,lacking a complete and feasible industry guidelines and standards.