茅盾社会进步视野下的妇女解放理论

Mao Dun's Theory of Women's Liberation from a Social Progressive Perspective

茅盾社会进步视野下的妇女解放理论,徘徊于妇女本位与社会本位之间,既有出于男性立场对女性世界的真诚关怀,也有明显的男性中心立场之偏颇。首先,茅盾以承担改造社会的责任来解放妇女,因而十分注重妇女素质的提升,却不重视妇女现实权益的争取问题。其次,茅盾在号召妇女参与社会工作的同时,也告诫妇女不要歧视家务劳动,但并未质问男性不承担家务的传统分工方式,而把解决妇女负担过重的问题寄希望于最终消灭私有制。再次,茅盾认为恋爱既是多变的又是神圣的,他在婚恋问题上因吸收了子辈男性的自我解放需求而偏重于坚持自由主义伦理,并主张男女间的绝对平等。

MAO Dun＇s theory of women＇s liberation from a social progressive perspective swings between a perspective of women as the center of attention out of a man＇s compassion, on one hand, and on the other, a perspective of a focus on society from a male centred position. First, Mao Dun was willing to assume social responsibility to reform society so as to liberate women. He thus paid attention to raise women＇s quality and capacity but failed to pay attention for women to gain rights. Moreover, he called on women to participate in society, while he warned women not to overlook housework. He did not question men＇s lack of participation in housework in the traditional division of labour, and wished that women would liberate themselves from their overloads of responsibilities once private ownership was eliminated. Furthermore, he believed that love was both capricious and sacred. Adopting young men＇s desire for individual freedom, he insisted on liberal ethics in love and marriage and equality between men and women.