2009～2014年惠安县道路交通伤害病例特征分析

Analysis on characteristics of road traffic injuries,Hui'an county,2009-2014

目的了解惠安县伤害监测系统中道路交通伤害门(急)诊就诊病例的分布特点。方法描述性分析2009~2014年因道路交通伤害首次在惠安县伤害监测系统哨点医院门/急诊就诊的病例。结果 2009~2014年全国伤害监测系统(NISS)共收集道路交通伤害病例28 116例,占非故意伤害病例总数的41.34%(28 116/68 013),其中机动车车祸占82.25%(23 124/28 116)。性别比为1.61∶1(17 324/10 744),30~44岁占病例总数34.20%。伤害发生高峰时间段为9:00~11:00(28.45%)和15:00~17:00(20.68%)。发生伤害时的活动居前2位均为驾乘交通工具(87.87%)和休闲活动(7.97%)。道路交通伤害病例的主要伤害性质为挫伤/擦伤(49.07%)、脑震荡、脑挫裂伤(22.56%)。发生在头部的伤害所占比例均为首位(29.41%、27.31%、29.78%、29.34%、26.88%、33.67%),头部受伤所占比例随着年龄增加而减少。伤害病例以轻度为主(65.77%),≥65岁重度病例所占的比例最大(5.16%)。结论历年道路交通伤害病例主要为男性青壮年,伤害原因以机动车车祸为主。

Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of road traffic injuries through hospital based the na- tional injury surveillance system（NISS） in Hui＇an county. Methods Initial cases of road traffic injury were descriptively analyzed based on the data in the sentinel hospitals from the Hui＇an injury surveillance system,2009-2014. Results A total of 28 116 cases road traffic injuries were collected from the national injury surveillance system,2009-2014,accounting for 41.34% （28 116/68 013）of the total unintentional injury cases. Injuries caused by motor traffic vehicles accounted for 82.25%（23 124/28 116）. Sex ratio was 1.61（17 324/10 744）,the 30-44 year-old age group accounted for 34.20%. The peak hours of injuries were 9-11AM （28.45%） and 15-17PM （20.68%） Driving（87. 870/oo） and recreation （7.97%） were the two major activities. Injuries were mainly bruises（49.07 %）, concussion and brain trauma （22.56 % ）. Injuries in head were the primary causes （29.41%,27.31%,29.78%,29.34%,26.88%,33.67%）and the proportion of head injuries de- creased with age. Injury cases were mainly mild injuries （65.77%）. Most severe case were in the 65 year-old age group （5.16%）. Conclusion Most of the road traffic injuries are among the young and middle-aged men. The top causes of in- juries are motor accidents.