煤炭液化技术研发趋势、生命周期、前沿技术与影响因素——基于专利的视角

Study on the R&D Trends,Life Cycle,Advanced Technology and Factors of Coal Liquefaction Technology: Evidence from Patent Analysis

[目的/意义]发展煤炭液化技术可以有效地化解我国的石油对外依存度,利用专利数据的计量分析,揭示煤炭液化技术研发特征与影响因素,对相关企业与高校的研发实践活动有现实意义。[方法/过程]以Soo PAT作为煤炭液化技术专利数据源,从专利总体变化趋势、技术生命周期、专利拥有国与专利前沿技术领域等方面对煤炭液化技术研发状况进行分析。[结果/结论]煤炭液化技术专利总体呈现波浪式变动趋势;现阶段煤炭液化技术处于第二次成长期;日本、美国与中国是拥有煤炭液化技术专利数量最多的国家;加氢液化的工艺和方法是研发的重点领域,固液分离是新兴的技术领域。利用相关性分析,得到原油价格的变化对煤炭液化专利数量的变化呈现显著的正相关关系;发达国家出于能源战略与竞争的角度,预先占领煤炭液化领域的制高点。

[ Purpose/Significance ] The development of coal liquefaction technology can effectively resolve China＇s dependence on foreign oil. Using econometric analysis of patent data and revealing the factors and the development characteristics of coal liquefaction technology have practical significanc fer the relevant enterprises and universities. [ Method/Process] Based on SooPAT data source, the R＆D status of coal liquefaction technology is analyzed from the aspects of the overall trend of the patent, the technology life cycle, the patent owner and the patent technology field. [ Result/Conclusion] The study shows that： coal liquefaction technology patent shows a wavy trend; coal liquefaction technology is in the second growth period; the United States Japan, and China are the countries having the largest number of the coal liquefaction technology patents; the focuses of R＆D are process and method of hydrogenation liquefaction. And correlation analy- sis reveals that changes in crude oil prices are positively related to changes in the number of coal liquefaction patents; in the view of energy strategy and competition, developed countries have pre-occupied the commanding heights of coal liquefaction.