发展中国家的技术进步与国家能力成长:基于中国和印度的经验

Technological Progress and National Capacity Growth in Developing Countries:Experience from China and India

对于发展中国家来说,技术进步一直被视为实现可持续经济增长和完成工业化转型的重要因素。然而,在反全球化潮流以及经济减速的背景下,决定技术进步的驱动力量也发生了新的变化,即技术进步不再简单地取决于以往粗放型的资本投入,而是更多来源于发展中国家的自主创新能力。因此,结合中国和印度的增长经验,通过技术进步的四个阶段的要素提升转化,发展中国家的能力成长对于基础性创新向次级创新升级具有关键性作用,这也为经济转型国家制定符合其比较优势的发展战略提供了思路。

For developing countries, the advance of technology has been regarded as an important factor for the rapid industrialization and sustainable economic growth. However, the problem is that under the condition of open economy, technological progress no longer simply depends on extensive capital investment. It depends more on the independent innovation ability of developing countries. Therefore, combined with China＇s and India＇s experience of growth, it can be seen that the capability to grow in developing countries is crucial for the technological progress and higher-level innovation. This fact is important for the right approach of the transitionary countries that are seeking strategies fitting their comparative advantage development.