基于血糖负荷概念的食物交换份法在2型糖尿病患者中的应用价值分析

Application value analysis of food exchange portion based on the concept of glycemioload in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

目的探讨血糖负荷(GL)概念的食物交换份法应用于2型糖尿病的临床价值。方法选取2014年5月~2016年10月在我院全科门诊就诊的2型糖尿病患者160例,将其按照随机数字法分为观察组和对照组,每组80例。对照组采用传统的食物交换份法进行饮食教育干预,观察组采用基于GL概念的食物交换份法进行饮食教育干预,对比两组干预前及干预后3个月的血液生化指标及人体测量学指标。结果干预后两组甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖基化血红蛋白均显著改善(P<0.05),但观察组改善更为明显(P<0.05)。干预后两组体质量指数和腰围均显著降低(P<0.05),但观察组降低更为明显(P<0.05)。干预前后两组收缩压及舒张压均无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论基于血糖负荷概念的食物交换份法可以改善2型糖尿病患者的血糖、血脂,降低患者的体质量指数及腰围,值得临床推广。

Objective To investigate the clinical value of food exchange portion with the concept of glycemioload（GL） in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods A total of 160 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted in general outpa tient clinic from May 2014 to October 2016 were randomly divided into observation group （n=80） and control group （n=80） according to the random number method. The control group was treated with traditional food exchange portion method for diet education intervention. The observation group was given the food exchange portion based on the GL concept for dietary education intervention. The blood biochemical indexes and anthropometric indexes of the two groups were com- pared before and after 3 months of intervention. Results After treatment, the levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, fasting blood glucose, postprandial 2 h blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin in two groups were significantly improved（P〈0.05）, while the improvement in the observation group was more significant（P〈0.05）. After the intervention, the body mass index and waist circumference significantly decreased （P〈0.05）. But the observation group decreased more significantly（P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure between the two groups before and after the intervention（P〉0.05）. Conclusion The food exchange method based on the concept of glycemioload can improve blood glucose and blood lipid in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and reduce the body mass index and waist circumference of patients, which is worthy of clinical promotion.