温情中的乐教浸润——论《诗经》“征妇”的社会特征

Characteristics of Soldiers' Wives Portrayed in “the Book of Songs”

西周到春秋时期,战争徭役不断,大批男子被征去服役,家中的女子被迫和征人长期分离,忍受别离之痛。对于统治者来说,只有获取征妇的支持才能安抚征人,保证战争政策的顺利推行。为此周统治者选择了上古传下来的乐教方式,编撰了融汇社会教化用意的诗歌来教化民众。受明确的社会教化目的的影响,《诗经》中征妇的两个突出特点:对丈夫的依恋、痛苦中的支持和坚持,都被赋予了丰富的社会教化内涵。《诗经》中征妇的社会现实特征反映了周王朝对战争政策推行的重视,也表明了周王朝礼乐教化国策实施的特色。

Because a large number of men were conscripted because of wars from Xi Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period their wives were left at home who felt lonely and painful. Soldiers＇ wives in the Book of Songs were described as models by the ruling class because of their roles played at that time ： their loyalty to their husbands was conducive to the social stability and their support and persistence to their husbands which reflected a national ethics. The roles of soldiers＇ wives portrayed in ＂the Book of Songs＂ is served for the riding class, and reflected the ritual indoctrination policy of the Zhou Dynasty.