苯肼诱发昆明种小鼠溶血性贫血模型的建立

KM mouse model with phenylhydrazine-induced hemolytic anemia

目的观察昆明种小鼠腹腔注射苯肼后外周血成熟红细胞和网织红细胞的变化规律,建立昆明种小鼠溶血性贫血模型。方法健康雄性昆明种小鼠18只,随机分为溶剂对照组、低剂量苯肼组和高剂量苯肼组,每组6只。对照组于第0天经腹腔注射生理盐水,低剂量苯肼组和高剂量苯肼组动物分别经腹腔一次注射30和60 mg/kg·bw的苯肼,之后每天鼠尾采血进行红细胞计数和网织红细胞计数。结果苯肼注射后,低剂量苯肼组和高剂量苯肼组小鼠外周血红细胞总数与成熟红细胞总数均逐渐下降,分别在第5天和第4天达到最低,且高剂量苯肼组下降的程度显著高于低剂量苯肼组;此后,红细胞总数与成熟红细胞总数逐渐开始回升,在第13天恢复至对照组水平。同时,苯肼注射后,从第1天开始小鼠外周血网织红细胞总数和比例进行性上升,低剂量组网织红细胞总数和比例均于第6天达到最高,高剂量组网织红细胞总数于第5天达到最高,网织红细胞比例于第4天达到最高,之后便逐渐回落,于第13天完全恢复至正常水平。结论单次腹腔注射苯肼可诱发昆明小鼠轻度溶血性贫血,并刺激造血组织红系造血以恢复外周血红细胞水平,检测外周血红细胞总数和网织红细胞总数可以反映该溶血性贫血模型的贫血进展过程和红系造血功能状态。

Objective To observe the changes of red blood cells and reticulocytes in peripheral blood from the KM mice after phenylhydrazine injection,and establish a KM mouse model with hemolytic anemia. Methods Eighteen healthy male KM mice were randomly divided into 3 groups,including solvent control,low-dose phenylhydrazine group and high-dose phenylhydrazine group,six mice in each group. Each mice in low-dose group and high-dose group was given a single intraperitoneal dose of phenylhydrazine（ 30 and 60 mg/kg body weight respectively）,and blood samples were collected from the tail vein every day for determination of red blood cell and reticulocyte in peripheral blood. Result After phenylhydrazine injection,peripheral red blood cells and mature red blood cells gradually decreased,reaching the lowest at day 5 and day 4 in low-dose group and high-dose group respectively,and the decreased degree in high-dose group was significantly higher than that in low-dose group. Then the peripheral red blood cells and mature red blood cells began to rebound,and returned to the control level in day 13. Meanwhile, after phenylhydrazine injection, peripheral reticulocyte number and proportion progressively increased. Both indices reached the highest at day 6 in the low-dose group,while reticulocyte number achieved the highest level at day 5 and the reticulocyte proportion achieved the highest at day 4 in the high-dose group. After that,both indices began to fall gradually and completely restored to normal levels in day 13. Conclusion A mild hemolytic anemia was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of phenylhydrazine in KM mice,which stimulated erythroid hematopoiesis to restore peripheral blood erythrocyte levels. Detection of peripheral red blood cells and reticulocytes was able to evaluate the anemia status and erythroid hematopoietic function in phenylhydrazineinduced hemolytic anemia mice.