不完全型川崎病临床特征

Clinical features of incomplete Kawasaki disease

近年来,人们对川崎病(KD)认识不断加深,对于临床表现典型的患儿能够做出及时判断,而对于不完全型KD仍然存在困难。充分认识不完全型KD临床特征,可以避免延迟诊断和治疗,减少冠状动脉并发症发生。不完全型KD是指临床标准不足5个以上的主要标准,而不典型KD是在标准数不足,同时还有其他少见不典型表现,包括腹痛、尿路感染、面瘫及关节炎等。用于诊断KD的主要特征在临床上是动态演变的,有一部分不完全型KD随着时间推移,出现新的主要特征,最终符合完全型KD诊断标准。早期识别潜在可能转变成完全型KD的临床特征,对改善KD患儿预后有积极意义。

In recent years,the understanding of KD has been deepened. Children with complete KD were timely diagnosed, but there was still a challenge fbr patients with incomplete KD. Full recognition of clinical features of incomplete KD would enable doctors to avoid delayed diagnosis and treatment, and reduce the incidence of coronary artety complications. Patients with 4 or fewer main criteria were considered with incomplete KD, and those with insufficient criteria and other atypical organ involved were considered with atypical KD. The main criteria for KD were in a clinically dynamic evolution, and some patients with incomplete KD present new main criteria and eventually meet the diagnostic criteria for complete KD. Early recognition of clinical features of patients with potential turn- ing into complete KD was useful to improve the prognosis of children with KD.