湖库富营养化生物控藻技术的研究进展

Advanced Research of Biological Control Algae Techniques for Eutrophication of Lakes and Reservoirs

随着湖库水体污染日益严重,水体富营养化程度不断加剧,蓝藻水华日益频繁,其造成的生态、资源、环境问题以及重大的经济损失已引起高度重视。生物控藻技术主要是通过水生生物调整生态系统群落结构从而抑制蓝藻水华,因其具有效率高、成本低、二次污染风险低等特点,已成为近年来水体富营养化控制技术的研究热点。从生物控藻方面综述了生态浮岛除藻技术、水生植物竞争抑藻技术、滤食性鱼类控藻技术以及微生物溶藻技术等湖库原位控藻技术,总结了国内外在微生物控藻技术方面的最新研究进展,以期为湖库富营养化治理提供理论依据和技术支撑。

As the eutrophication degree intensified,harmful cyanobacterial blooms have become increasingly frequent,and the ecological,resource and environmental problems and significant economic losses caused by eutrophication attaches great attention.Cyanobacteria biocontrol technologies for preventing the harmful cyanobacterial blooms are mainly through regulating the structure community of aquatic ecosystems with aquatic organisms,and the biocontrol technologies for eutrophication have become the advanced research highlights in recent years due to its high efficiency,low cost and low risk of secondary pollution.In terms of biological control algae,this paper describes the in situ eutrophication control technologies for lakes and reservoirs such as the ecological floating island technology,the aquatic plants competition technology,the filterfeeding fish control technology and anticyanobacterial microbial technology,and summarizes the latest development progress and prospect of anticyanobacterial microbial technology at home and abroad.The review may provide theoretical basis and technological support for the restoration of eutrophication lakes and reservoirs.