不同品种和地区对稻米镉含量与品质的耦合影响

Coupling Effect of Different Rice Cultivars and Regions on Rice Cadmium Content and Quality

为了研究不同水稻品种在不同种植地区的稻米镉含量及其与品质的关系,以分别种植在湖南长沙和广东惠州的‘齐丰占’、‘湘直粳’、‘玉香油占’等46个不同遗传背景的水稻品种(系)为研究对象,采用原子吸光光谱法测定稻米镉含量和FOSS全自动流动注射仪测定米质各性状指标。结果表明:(1)不同基因型水稻品种的镉积累存在极显著水平的品种间差异,在长沙地区种植稻米平均镉含量大约是惠州地区的两倍。(2)不同水稻品种(系)在惠州地区种植的稻米品质明显优于长沙地区。(3)不同水稻品种(系)在长沙地区种植的精米镉含量与胶稠度、蛋白质含量间具显著相关性;而在惠州地区主要与糙米率、精米率呈显著水平的负相关;与其他米质性状的相关性均未达显著水平。惠州地区稻田环境更利于种植水稻,‘湘晚12选32’、‘湘晚籼12号’、‘湘晚6选31’等为低镉积累品种,可推广;‘佳福占’、‘9311选’、‘R云育90’等镉含量已超过国标,不可作为生产推广品种。

To study the cadmium content of rice cultivars in different rice-growing areas and its relationship with quality, 46 rice cultivars （lines） with different genetic background, such as ＇Qifengzhan＇, ＇Xiangzhijing＇, ＇Yuxiangyouzhan＇, from Changsha Hunan and Huizhou Guangdong are used as materials with atomic absorption spectrometry and FOSS automatic flow injection instrument to measure the cadmium content and rice quality. The results were as follows： （1） the differences of cadmium content among different genotype rice cultivars （lines） were significant, the average cadmium content of rice in Changsha was twice as much as of that in Huizhou; （2） the riee quality of different rice cultivars （lines） planted in Huizhou was better than that in Changsha; （3） rice cadmium content had a significant correlation with gel consistency and protein content in Changsha, and showed a negative correlation with brown rice rate and milled rice rate in Huizhou; it did not reach the significant level with other rice quality traits. The environment of paddy field in Huizhou was more favorable for planting rice, ＇ xiangwan12-32＇, ＇ xiangwanxianl2＇, ＇ xiangwan6-31＇ were low-Cd accumulation cultivars and could be promoted in production. The cadmium content of ＇jiafuzhan＇, ＇9311selected＇, ＇R yunyu90＇ exceeded national standard and should not be promoted as the production cultivars.