重庆北碚大气污染物的变化特征及其与气象要素的相关性

Atmospheric Pollutants in Beibei:Variation Characteristics and Correlation with Meteorological Elements

为了深入了解重庆北碚地区大气污染物与气象要素的相关性,进而为改善北碚大气污染状况提供科学依据。利用重庆北碚地区2009—2014年空气质量数据及地面气象观测资料,综合采用线性回归、数理统计等方法分析北碚地区大气污染物的变化特征,以及大气污染物与气象要素之间的相关性。结果显示:北碚地区PM10浓度平均值年际变化幅度较大,呈上升趋势;季节性变化明显,冬季>秋季>春季>夏季;月变化特征呈"V"型,7月最低,12月最高;北碚地区的大气污染物浓度主要随温度、风速、降水的增加而减小,静风时PM10浓度更容易出现较大值。北碚地区大气污染物浓度在冬季最高,与北碚地区冬季所处的大气环流形势密切相关。

The paper aims to understand the correlation between atmospheric pollutants and meteorological factors in Beibei District of Chongqing, and to provide a basis for improving air quality in Beibei. The authors analyzed the variation characteristics of atmospheric pollution in Beibei and the correlation between atmospheric pollutants and meteorological elements by using linear regression, mathematical statistics method based on the air quality data and ground meteorological observation data from 2009 to 2014. The results showed that： the average annual variation of PM10 in Beibei had a rising trend; its seasonal change was obvious, following the order： winter〉autumn〉spring〉summer; the monthly variation presented a ＂V＂ type, the minimum and maximum value occurred in July and December, respectively; the atmospheric pollutant concentration in Beibei decreased with the increase of temperature, wind speed and precipitation, and PM10 value tended to be large when there was static wind. In winter, the atmospheric pollutant concentration in Beibei reached the maximum, which was closely related to the atmospheric circulation.