复杂网络方法与还原论方法关系探析

Analysis on the Relationship of Method between Complex Network and Reductionism

复杂性范式的逐渐形成,为各种问题的解决提供了一种新思路和新方法,弥补了还原论的局限性。文章首先阐述科学研究方法从还原论到复杂网络的过渡;其次强调还原论方法对简单化的追求为复杂网络方法所继承,复杂网络方法在还原论注重对"点"研究的基础上,更加注重对"线"与"网"即事物之间结构的研究;最后以人脑网络为主要例证阐述复杂网络中元素、结构、功能之间的复杂关系以及其开放性与动态性的特点,展现复杂网络方法对还原论方法的超越。

The gradual formation of complexity paradigm provides a new thought as well as method to settle various problems and compensates reductionism＇s weaknesses. First of all, this paper elaborates the transition from the reduc tionism to the complex network. Then it emphasizes that the pursuit of simplification is inherited by complex network method. Based on the study of ＂point＂, the complex network method focuses on the study of the structure between ＂ line＂ and ＂net＂. Finally, the paper takes the brain network as a main example to illustrate the complex relationship between elements, structure, function in the complex network, and features of openness and dynamics , showing the complexity going beyond the reductionism.