2014-2015年滑县法定传染病疫情分析

Epidemiologic analysis on notifiable infectious diseases in Hua county of Anyang in 2014-2015

目的了解滑县法定传染病流行特征,为评价防控效果提供科学依据。方法收集2014-2015年中国疾病预防控制信息系统中滑县报告的甲乙丙法定报告传染病资料和监测数据,采用描述性流行病学研究方法,对资料进行分析。结果 2014-2015年滑县共报告法定传染病24种6 214例,年均发病率为227.98/10万。各类传染病报告中以血源及性传播传染病为主,年均发病率为92.1/10万,其次为呼吸道传染病,年均发病率为90.48/10万;肠道传染病,年均发病率为41.64/10万;虫媒和自然疫源性传染病,年均发病率为3.08/10万。报告病种前五位的疾病是:肺结核、乙肝、流行性腮腺炎、手足口、丙肝。全年每月均有发病,4月、5月份高发;职业方面,农民发病率高;男性发病人数明显多于女性;不同年龄组均有病例发生,其中0~5岁、20~30岁年龄组发病率最高,占整个比例的35.13%。结论血源及性传播传染病、呼吸道传染病是危害滑县人民健康的主要公共卫生问题,肠道传染病也不可忽视,应加强对肺结核、乙肝、手足口、流行性腮腺炎、丙肝等疾病的控制。

Objective To provide a scientific criterion for evaluating the effect of preventing and controlling diseases, the epidemiologic characteristic of the notifiable infectious diseases in Hua county had been studied. Methods Reports and disease monitoring data of the annual reports offered by Hua county in china information system for disease control and prevention from 2014 to 2015 were collected. Data and reports were analyzed by epidemiologic description. Results A total of 6214 cases contained 24 kinds of legal infectious diseases were reported by Hua county in 2014-2015. The annul morbidity was 227.98/105. Among all kinds of the reported infectious diseases, blood and sexual transmission were the main infectious routes with an annual morbidity of 92.1/I05, followed by the respiratory infectious diseases whose annual morbidity was 90.48/105. And the annual morbidity of intestinal infectious diseases was 41.64/105. The annual morbidity of entomophily and natural focal infectious endemic diseases was 3.08/105.The top five diseases in the reports were tuberculosis, hepatitis b, mumps, hand-foot-and-mouth disease and hepatitis c. Though occurred in every month, the morbidity reached the peaks in April and May. In terms of occupation, farmers had a higher morbidity. Male onset number were more than women. The cases occurred in different age groups, especially from 0 to 5 years old and 20 to 30 years old in which the morbidity was the highest, accounting for 35.13 %. Conclusions Blood transmitted infections, sexually transmitted infections and respiratory infectious diseases were the major public health problems which endangered people＇s health in Hua county. Also the intestinal infectious diseases could not be ignored. Finally, strong measures should be taken to control the diseases such as tuberculosis, hepatitis b, hand-foot-and- mouth disease, mumps and hepatitis c.