普及化趋势与我国高等教育发展的战略选择——兼论两岸高等教育交流与合作

The Universal Trend and Development Strategies of Higher Education in China:with an Analysis of Cross-straits Exchanges and Cooperation on Higher Education

我国高等教育毛入学率很快将超过50%,进入普及化发展阶段。民众自身发展的诉求、社会经济发展的需要以及国家竞争力提升的需要是推动我国高等教育向普及化发展的主要力量。我国高等教育的发展具有以下特点:平民教育理念贯彻始终,高等教育系统庞大、年轻,规模、结构、质量协调发展,以重点建设带动全面提升,多样性发展格局基本形成,与社会发展的融合度逐步扩大,现代化教育体系建设逐步推进,以改革促进高等教育发展,高等教育国际化不断加强,两岸合作交流不断加深。面对高等教育发展新态势,我国已经并将继续采取"双一流"建设、内涵式发展、多元化发展、开放发展、创新发展等一系列应对政策和战略,迎接普及化阶段的到来。

The gross enrolment ratio of higher education in China will probably pass 50%, which means China has entered into the phase of universal education. The demands of people＇s self-development, the needs of society＇s economic development and the enhancement of national competitiveness are the major factors to promote the development of the universal higher education in China's Mainland. The features of the higher education development in China are as follows. Firstly, the concept of universal education has been followed as a core philosophy in the process of development, which lead the system of higher education to develop energetically and coordinately. Secondly, key construction projects encourages a comprehension of improvements, which facilitates to form a diversified development pattern. Thirdly, the degree of social integration has been gradually increased and the construction of modern educational system has been gradually promoted, which improves the development of higher education. Fourthly, the level of higher education internationalization has been strengthened and the exchanges and cooperation on higher education has been deepened. In order to response the new trend of higher education development, the China's Mainland has been and will continue taking those strategies which include ＂Double First-rate＂ program, connotative development, diversified development, open development and innovative development to welcome the arrival of popularization.