含高速公路集中充电站的双层经济调度

Bi-level Economic Dispatch Considering Expressway Centralized Charging Station

电动汽车因其具有清洁性及储能的特点,有着广阔的应用前景。但为了解决其续航里程短的缺点,需要在高速公路建立电动汽车充电站。文中采用换电的模式对电池集中管理,首先,建立了含集中充电站的双层经济调度模型。在上层模型中,以总成本最小为目标函数;在下层模型中,以优化网络损耗为目标函数。其次,针对此模型提出新的求解方法,在上层模型中,利用粒子群优化算法优化每个时刻集中充电站和火电机组的总出力,利用综合灵敏度优化分配每个时刻各个火电机组的出力;在下层模型中,利用网损灵敏度优化分配每个时刻各个集中充电站的出力。最后,利用改进的IEEE 30节点6机组算例进行仿真,验证模型的正确性和有效性。结果表明,通过文中提出的方法求解,优化结果能够满足经济性要求,同时求解速度也得到提高。

Electric vehicles with the characteristics of cleanliness and energy storage have broad application prospects.However,in order to solve the drawback of short driving mileage,electric vehicle charging stations should be available on the expressways.The battery-swapping mode is employed in the electric vehicle charging stations for centralized management of batteries.Firstly,a bi-level economic dispatch model is developed.The objective function is to minimize the total cost in the upper level,and optimize the network loss in the lower level,respectively.Secondly,based on the proposed model,a new method is presented.In the upper level,the total output of the centralized charging stations and the thermal power units are optimized for every moment using the particle swarm optimization method.The power output of each thermal power unit is allocated for every moment by the integrative sensitivity.In the lower level,the power output of each centralized charging station is optimized for every moment and allocated by network loss sensitivity.Finally,numerical examples based on an improved IEEE 30-bus tested system show that the method proposed is accurate and effective,which can satisfy the economic requirements while obviously improving the calculation speed.