联合招考还是统一招考:博弈脉络与现实思考

United or uniform college entrance examination

20世纪三四十年代,高等学校曾实行联合招考与统一招考的招生方式。1955年,高等教育领域发生了一场关于招考方式的"联统之争",出于招考效率、质量标准、财力负担等方面的考量,国家采行了统一招考的方式。教育史上的高校联考既包括区域联合,也包括类型联合及层次联合;但招考历史表明,统一招考较之联合招考更具多重优势。若就字面含义而言,统考必为一种联考,联考也必为某种程度上的统考。近几年的高水平大学联合招考不仅在科学性、公平性以及效率方面难以与统一招考相比肩,而且存在考试时间"撞车"的弊病。联合招考本身内在的悖论,决定了其必然经过自我否定而让位于统一招考。

In the 1930 sor 1940s,Chinese colleges have ever adopted united and uniform college entrance examination.In 1955,an argument arises over either for college entrance examination.Out of efficiency,quality,criteria and financial burdens,a uniform model is adopted.However,college entrance examination shows that united model is more efficient,and uniform examination model among high-level universities is inferior.The united examination is destined to give rise to uniform examination.