呼伦贝尔蒙古牛黄色脂肪成因物质研究

Coloring factors of yellow fat from mongolian cattle in Hulunbuir grass land

以呼伦贝尔放牧蒙古牛黄色脂肪为研究对象,并以牛、绵羊和双峰驼白色脂肪为对照,检测其黄度、类胡萝卜素、V_A和脂肪酸,通过相关性分析和差异比较,确定黄色脂肪成因物质为β-胡萝卜素,排除V_A和脂肪酸。呼伦贝尔蒙古牛黄色脂肪中β-胡萝卜素(1.60±0.54,X±SD),显著高于牛的白色脂肪,绵羊和双峰驼脂肪则未检出类胡萝卜素;β-胡萝卜素与脂肪黄度b*值呈显著正相关,V_A与β-胡萝卜素有正相关趋势,但黄色脂肪中的V_A却显著低于白色脂肪。油酸和亚麻酸在牛的黄色和白色脂肪间无显著差异,黄脂亚油酸则显著低于牛的白脂,其他脂肪酸与β-胡萝卜素也无显著相关性,排除脂肪酸是脂肪黄色成因物质。

To make clear yellow fat coloring factors of the Hulunbuir grazing mongolian cattle, yellow fat samples of the peculiar breed, and white fat specimens of cattle, sheep and bactrian camel were also collected to conduct comparative study, b＊ value of yellowness, carotenoids, VA and fatty acids （FAs） were detected, and finally, through correlation and comparative analysis, β-carotene was determined as the major yellow coloring factor, expelled VA and FAs. β-carotene （1.60±0.54, x±SD） in yellow fat of Hulunbuir mongolian cattle was significantly higher than that of white fat of cattle, no lycopene and lutein and other carotenoids were detected in cattle＇s yellow and white fat, as well in sheep and camel. β-carotene indicated significant positive linear correlation with b＊ value, and VA had positive correlation with β-carotene, however VA in yellow fat was significantly lower than white fat. Oleic acid and linolenic acid showed no difference between cattle＇s yellow and white fat, and linoleic acid was significantly lower than white fat; the remaining FAs didn＇t show correlation with β-carotene, thus FAs seemed no contribution to yellowness of the fat either.