南方型美洲黑杨种质资源物候期特征

Phenological Character of Southern Type of Populus deltoides Germplasm

以湖北石首南方型美洲黑杨种质资源库中的443个黑杨种质为对象,对其进行物候观测分析。结果表明:不同美洲黑杨无性系物候之间存在较大差异,不同的物候期表现出不同的时序特征,变异最大的物候是叶变色始期,变异系数达到52.74%,其次是叶全部变色期和芽膨大始期。与变色落叶相关的各物候期之间相关性极显著,与萌芽相关的各物候间也显著相关;同时,第一主成分是与叶黄叶落有关的因子,第二主成分是与萌芽展叶有关的因子,第三主成分载荷较高的是落叶末期和全部落叶期,其中第一、第二、第三主成分累计贡献率达到87.29%。不同种源地的纬度与萌芽展叶物候期呈正相关,与叶变色落叶物候期呈明显的负相关。

We studied the phonological characters with 443 Populus deltoides germplasm in Shishou of Hubei Province. There were large differences among different phenophase of clones of P. deltoides, different characteristics of composition occurred in different phenophase. There was the maximum variation in the phase of leaf color beginning with variation coefficient 52.74%, followed by phase of leaf color totally changed and phase of bud swell beginning. By principal component analy- sis, there were significantly correlation between phenological phases associated with discolored leaves, and phenological phases associated with bud phenology were also significant-related. The first principal component were factors associated with leaves discolor and fall, the second principal component were factors associated with the sprout and ]eaves expansion, the third principal component mostly loaded the late phase of leaves fall and the phase of totally leaves fall, of which the to- tal contribution rate of the first, and the second and third principal component was 87.29%. Analysis of correlation between phenophase and latitude from different provenances showed that different provenance latitude was positively correlated with the phenophase of sprout and leaves expansion, and significantly negatively correlated with the phenophase of leaves discol- or and fall.