安徽稻茬田利用与马铃薯产业发展的思考与对策

Utilization of Rice Stubble Field and Development of Potato Industry in Anhui Province

安徽是全国优质水稻生产基地,也是小麦生产的次适应区域,其中稻作区传统种植模式以"水稻—小麦/油菜"为主,由于社会经济的发展、劳动力结构的变化和气候环境的影响,近年来小麦、油菜生产处于亏损状态,冬闲稻田面积急剧扩增,亟待开展农业产业结构调整。笔者认为在安徽利用稻茬田发展马铃薯产业具有区位、气候、上市季节、土地资源、产量效益、机械化耕作等方面的优势,对于保障粮食安全、科学减灾避灾、调整产业结构、提高土地利用率、增加农民收入均具有重要意义。同时指出推进安徽稻田马铃薯产业发展,要加强配套技术研究、扩大稻茬马铃薯攻关示范成果应用、强化生产主体培育、加强产业规划布局、加大财政专项支持力度、推进马铃薯一二三产业融合。

Anhui is a national high-quality rice production base and a sub-adaptive region for wheat production, in which the traditional cropping rice area focuses on the＇rice-wheat/rape＇cultivation mode. Due to the socio-economic development, labor structure change and climate environmental impact, as well as the loss in wheat and rape production, the area of winter fallow paddy field has increased rapidly, which has raised the demand for structural adjustment of agricultural industry. The development of potato industry in Anhui has the advantages of location, climate, market season, land resources, good yield and high degree of mechanization, in addition, it is of great significance for ensuring food security, disaster prevention and reduction, adjusting the industrial structure, improving land use efficiency and increasing farmers ＇income. To promote the development of potato industry in Anhui, it is necessary to strengthen the supporting technology research, expand the matching technology of rice stubble potato research application, improve production subject cultivation, enhance industrial planning and layout, increase financial support, and promote the integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries of potato.