欧美气候变化能力建设行动进展对我国的影响及其对策

Impact of Capacity Building Actions for Coping with Climate Change in EU and US on China and China's Countermeasures

气候变化能力建设行动有"他助"和"自助"之分,其中尤以"他助"为主。鉴于其发展中国家性质,我国通常扮演着能力建设行动受援助一方的角色。近年来,作为发达国家阵营之主要代表和全球气候治理的两股重要力量,欧、美的能力建设行动已逐渐偏离《联合国气候变化框架公约》体系宗旨,并对我国能力建设行动方式、温室气体减排压力和立法体系等带来诸多挑战。对此,我国应分别从国际层面和国内层面来积极应对,提前拟定我国能力建设之未来策略,亦即在坚守并适时发展CBDR原则、强化本国气候话语权和加强并逐渐引导国际气候合作的基础上,尽快实现气候资金援助和气候技术支持在国际法与国内法上的有效衔接,并对现有国内立法体系予以跟进,以完善我国应对气候变化能力建设的法治建设。

The capacity building for coping with climate change has two types, that is ＂other-help＂ and ＂self-help＂, and the former has been given more priority. As a developing country with poor capacity on coping with climate change, China plays a role of being assisted. Both the EU and US, two significant forces of global climate governance, have gradually deviated from the aim of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change with their capacity building actions, which have brought many challenges to China, such as the way of capacity building actions, the pressure of emission reduction, and the system of capacity building legislation. On that account, China should respond actively from the international and domestic levels, and draw up future strategies of capacity building of our country ahead. That is to say, China should hold fast to and duly develop the principle of Common But Differentiated Responsibilities, further strengthen the international power of climate discourse, enhance and guide the international climate＇ s cooperation with the developed countries, other developing countries, and international organizations to match the international law and domestic law on climate financial aid and climate technical assistance. Meanwhile, China should follow up the existing domestic legislation system, so as to perfect the legal construction of strengthening capacity building for coping with climate change.