退耕还林工程:生态恢复与收入增长

Grain for Green Programme:Environment Recovery and Income Growth

本文基于1997年和2002年的村级调查数据,在一个相对统一的框架下,利用双差分倾向得分匹配法识别出退耕还林工程对我国生态恢复和农户收入增长的因果处置效应。研究表明,该工程显著增加了参与村庄的人均林地面积,对生态建设起到了积极作用,但并未对农户纯收入产生明显影响。仅对现有的退耕还林工程设计进行完善不会提高其对农户增收的影响,但是通过在工程设计中减少资金和劳动力的配套要求、由上级政府统筹工程的执行以及加大工程的投资额会进一步增加人均林地面积,在更大程度上改善工程参与村庄的生态环境。

Drawing on a village panel data of 1997 and 2002, and the difference-in-difference matching estimator, we identify the average treatment effect of China＇ s Grain for Green Programme on the rural enviromnent and income of residents in a unifol^n frame. We find that the program significantly improved the rural environment by increasing the forest land area per capita, while had almost no effects on the income of rural residents. This insignificance cannot be changed by the variation of the program design. However, if we can lose the matching requirements in the design, be more obedient to the order from upper level governments, and increase the financial support to the program, the Grain for Green Programme would further improve the rural environment.