日本首相更迭的政治学研究

A Political Analysis of Changes of Japan's Prime Ministers

二战后,日本首相更迭较为频繁。日本众议院选举、参议院选举及执政党党首选举,是促发首相更迭的制度性因素。在首相更迭的政治过程中,派阀领袖是最核心的行为主体,且党首选举与派阀政治共生,社会传媒影响内阁存续。首相任期与经济增长、派阀抗争、日美同盟等政治生态因素密切关联。在自民党政权的不同发展阶段,首相更迭的利弊得失不尽相同,冷战后党员投票的引入则强化了新任首相的决策权威性。

There have been many changes of prime ministers of Japan since the end of WWII, which is due to the political institutions of the elections of Japan＇ s congress and leaders of the ruling party. Leaders of political factions play the key role in the political process of changes of Japan＇s prime ministers. Election of party leaders and politics of factions coexist and the social media also has influence on the survival of the cabinet. The term of Japan＇ s prime ministers has links with the economic growth, the political struggle of factions and U. S -Japan alliance. In different stages of the LDP administrations, the changes of prime ministers mean different gains and losses, and the authority of the prime minister in the decision- making process has been strengthened by the introduction of the voting of party members.