“大同”“小康”在近现代中国的创造性转化

Creative Transformation of “Great Harmony” and “Well-Offness” in Modern China

"大同"和"小康"分别代表了中国古代仁人志士向往的两种不同程度的社会政治理想。其中,"大同"是最高层次的社会政治理想,"小康"则是比较贴近现实的社会政治理想。近代以来,为了挽救民族危机,探索民族复兴之路,先进的中国人向西方寻找真理,同时也借用了中国传统文化中"大同""小康"概念,并赋予其具有时代特征的新内涵,使之成为阐述其奋斗目标的中国话语,并因此为人民群众所理解,进而成为激励和引导人们团结奋斗的旗帜。

＂Great harmony＂ and ＂well-offness＂ respectively represent two different degrees of social political i- deals that people with lofty ideals in ancient China yearn for. While ＂great harmony＂ functions as the highest level of social political ideal, ＂well-offness＂ is that much closer to the real social political ideal. Since the mod- ern times, the Chinese people with advanced ideas have sought the truth from the West in order to save the na- tion from the crises and explore the road of national rejuvenation, In the meantime, the ideas of ＂great harmony＂ and ＂well-offness＂ in the traditional Chinese culture are also adopted and endowed with the new connotations of the times, which are later transformed into the Chinese discourse that expounds their objectives of struggle. Ac- cordingly, having been understood by the masses of people, they are further transformed into the banners that encourage and guide people to strive unitedly.