日本大学“卓越工程”发展历程及其启示

The Development and Reflections of “Excellent Project” in Japanese Universities

20世纪90年代以来,各国纷纷出台了一系列促进高等教育进入"快车道"的政策,以应对全球化带来的挑战。在这种背景下,日本为推动大学"卓越工程"开展,相继实施远山计划、21世纪COE以及全球COE计划,旨在建设世界一流大学,打造卓越研究平台,培养世界一流创新人才以走出产业界的困境。根据国内社会需要和世界大学发展趋势,日本对"卓越工程"的建设理念、评价机制以及发展策略进行了相应调整,解决了各阶段出现的现实问题,完善"卓越工程"后续建设,快速有效地实现了提升国家核心竞争力这一战略目标。中日两国大学教育发展有着相似的经历,比较两国"卓越工程"发展历程,汲取日本的成功经验,为我国当前"双一流"建设提供借鉴。

Since 1990s, many countries have introduced a series of policies to promote higher education into the ＂fast track＂ in order to meet the challenges of globalization. In this context, in order to promote the Univer- sity ＂0Excellent Project＂, Japan have implemented Toyama plan and the twenty-first Century COE and the Glob- al COE plan, aiming at building a world-class university, creating an excellent research platform and enhancing the core competitiveness of the country to cultivate world-class innovative talents. Along with the construction, Japan solved the problems of each stage by improving the ＂Excellent Project＂ follow-up construction according to the domestic needs of the world and the development trend of the world university. Japan has carried out a series of adjustments to the construction concept, evaluation mechanism and development strategy of ＂Excellent Pro- ject＂, promptly and effectively enhanced the strategic goal of the core competitiveness of the country. China and Japan have similar experiences in the development of University education. Comparing the development course of the outstanding projects in both countries, universities in China can refer to those successful experiences for the construction of ＂Double First-class＂.