植壤、技术与生存策略:晚清民国的宁波土医——以1870至1936年的报纸材料为中心

Developing Basics, Medical Technique and the Living Strategy:Ning Bo's Tuyi in Late Qing and Republic of China—— A Research Based on 1870～1936's Newspaper

土医是晚清民国宁波医疗的重要组成部分。由于宁波地区传统中医、新式西医在诊疗技术及运营方式上存在特定短板,兼之地域社会固有择医观念的影响,晚清宁波土医的需求性植壤颇为丰沃。宁波土医的主要技术手段有灵符治疗、仪式治疗、秘方治疗、托物治疗,在服务过程中注意综合运用技术,并可针对某些尴尬部位进行违背传统伦理的治疗;为扩大客户源,晚清土医进行了夸张的广告宣传;在民国的医疗变局中,宁波土医生存空间出现了向边缘地区逃离的趋势,一些宁波城镇土医假借中医名号继续行医,并取得了一定市场,部分民国的宁波城市土医,以参与应对治疗疑难杂症、生产保健品为生存契机,继续维系。

TuYi is an important component of the medical service in late Qing and the ROC.＇ Ningbo. Because at that time, both traditional Chinese medicine and modem medicine had specific defects in the diagnosis or treatment tech- nology and mode of operation. In late Qing the Ningbo＇ TuYi had paid attention to the comprehensive application of technology in the service process, and could be used for the treatment of some embarrassing parts of traditional ethics. Meanwhile, The regional society inherent at the selection of medical concept, The required developing Basics of Ningbo＇ TuYi in late Qing is quiet well.The main technical means of Ningbo＇TuYi are Lingfu treatment, ceremonial treatment,se- cret prescription treatment and tuowu treatment.In order to expand the source of customers, Ningbo＇ TuYi in late Qing had exaggerated their advertising.In the medical Changing situation of the soil of Ningbo＇ medical service in ROC, TuYi ＇living space flee to the edge area. In some townlets Ningbo＇ TuYi sustained their work under the guise of traditional Chinese medicine, and achieved a certain market. A part of DOC.＇ TuYi in Ningbo City continue to maintain by Treating difficult miscellaneous diseases and Manufacturing health care products.