云南省生态资产与生态系统生产总值核算体系研究

Evaluating Natural Resource Assets and Gross Ecosystem Products Using Ecological Accounting System:A Case Study in Yunnan Province

生态系统作为重要的生态资产,为人类提供生态产品和服务,是人类生存和社会经济可持续发展的基础;生态系统生产总值(GEP)是生态资产提供的生态产品与服务价值总和,是生态资产的重要组成部分,也是生态资产对人类福祉的主要贡献。论文以云南省为例,分析了生态资产和GEP的内涵、关联与核算体系,评价了云南省2010年生态资产状况及其为受益者提供生态产品和服务价值的总和。评价结果显示:云南省2010年生态资产状况总体良好,林地、灌丛和草地生态系统的质量水平属于良等级;农田生态系统的质量水平差;生物多样性质量水平优。云南省2010年GEP总量为29 869.51亿元,其中,直接产品价值为4 132.69亿元,间接服务价值为25 736.81亿元。2010年GEP是当年该省国内生产总值(GDP)的4.13倍。研究结果表明,生态资产与GEP的核算,可以定量反映生态系统状况及其对区域社会经济发展的支撑作用,并为评估区域生态系统保护成效及建立生态系统可持续管理与绩效考核机制提供科学依据。

As one of the important ecological assets, ecosystems provide human with ecological products and services, which is the foundation of human survival and socialeconomic sustainable development. Gross ecosystem product（GEP） is the value of products and services provided by ecosystems, which is an important part of ecological asset. Taking Yunnan Province as a case study, we used an accounting system to analyze the connotation and relevance of ecological assets and GEP in 2010. The evaluation results showed that the condition of ecological asset was overall good in 2010. Forest, shrub and grassland were mainly of good quality level; farmland was mainly of poor quality, while biodiversity had excellent quality level. Total worth of GEP was 2 986.95 billion yuan in 2010, in which, direct products contributed 413.27 billion yuan, and indirect services value amounted to 2 573.68 billion yuan. The results showed that the ecological asset accounting system works well in reflecting the contribution of ecological asset to local social and economic development, and can be used to assess the ecological asset conditions. Thus, the ecological asset accounting system can be used in ecosystem management and governmental performance appraisal.