直流电弧等离子体法合成金属和陶瓷纳米颗粒

Synthesis of Metallic and Ceramic Nanoparticles by Direct-current Arc Plasma

介绍了直流电弧等离子体法制备纳米颗粒的原理和条件以及由此法制备的纳米颗粒的种类、结构和性能. 用直流电弧等离子体法能够合成金属、氧化物、氮化物、碳化物及氢化物等多类纳米颗粒. 合成的颗粒大小因合成条件和成份而变化,一般在10~200 nm. 这种方法的合成速度比传统的真空蒸发法快10倍以上,适合工业化生产.

On the basis of our research results, this article introduced mechanism and conditions of direct-current arc plasma used for synthesis of nanoparticles, as well as variety, crystalline structure and property of the nanoparticles. According to our results, many kinds of nanoparticles such as metals, oxides, nitrides, carbides and hydrides can be produced by direct-current arc plasma. The mean particle sizes of nanoparticles are usually in the range from 10 to 200 nm, changing with production conditions and components. The production rate by using this method is 10 times or more larger than that by the conventional vapor evaporation method, so this method is suitable for industrial production of nanoparticles.