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1956—2016年潍坊市人群百日咳流行动态及抗体水平 被引量:1

Analysis on pertussis antibody levels and epidemiological dynamics of the population in Weifang from 1956 to 2016
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摘要 目的了解潍坊市百日咳流行规律与变化趋势,为控制百日咳策略提供科学依据。方法对潍坊市1956—2016年百日咳疫情资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果潍坊市自开展计划免疫以来百日咳发病率下降了97.73%,死亡率下降了99.67%,流行周期消失,长期保持低流行和高度散发趋势。比较1979—1990年与1991—2016年时间段,发病年龄构成变化不明显(χ~2=0.926,P=0.336)。散居儿童、托幼儿童发病构成呈上升趋势,学生发病构成呈下降趋势(χ~2=88.547、9.428、127.459,P=0.000、0.002、0.000)。季节分布呈3~6月集中分布趋势(χ~2=10.987,P=0.001)。结论潍坊市百日咳发病率已降至历史最低水平,人群抗体水平较高,今后应针对重点地区和人群开展百白破三联疫苗的查漏补种工作,提高疫苗接种率,加强对医疗机构相关人员培训和疫情监测,降低发病率。 [ Abstract] Objective To understand the epidemic regularity and change trend of Weifang, and provide a scientific basis and strategies for the control of pertussis. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the data of pertussis epidemic in Weifang city 1956-2016. Results The pertussis incidence rate decreased by 97.73% in Weifang city since EPI, mortality decreased by 99.67% , fashion cycles disappeared, and a low prevalence and high emission trends maintained. From the cfromefomparison between 1979 to 1990 and 1991 to 2016, changes of the morbidity age constitution was not obvious (χ^2=0. 926, P=0. 336). Incidence rates of scattered children and nursery children showed an ascendant trend, and students incidence decreased (χ^2 =88. 547, 9. 428, 127. 459, P=0. 000, 0.002, 0.000). For seasonal distribution, the incidences centralized from March to June (χ^2= 10. 987, P=0.001 ). Conclusion Pertussis incidence rate has dropped to its lowest level in history in Weifang city, and the population has a higher antibody level. We should carry out leak detection and replantation of diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus triple vaccine for the key areas and crowds, improve the vaccination rate of medical institutions, strengthen personnel training and surveillance, in order to reduce the incidence.
出处 《中国医院统计》 2017年第3期186-188,191,共4页 Chinese Journal of Hospital Statistics
基金 潍坊市科技计划项目(2013247)
关键词 百日咳 流行特征 变化趋势 免疫策略 pertussis epidemiological feature change trend immunization strategy
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