儿科护理人员职业倦怠与健康状况的相关性分析

Correlation analysis of health status and job burnout of pediatric nurses

目的 评价儿科护理人员的职业倦怠情况,探讨儿科护理人员躯体健康状态与职业倦怠的相关性.方法 通过职业倦怠量表调查4家三甲综合医院儿科护理人员226人,评价其各维度职业倦怠情况,并结合年度健康体检资料,分析职业倦怠情况与健康体检结果的相关性.结果 研究人群发生职业倦怠154人（68.14%）,主要为轻度倦怠78人（34.51%）;健康体检结果阳性指标或体征检出209人（92.48%）;体检结果正常组的情感耗竭和去人格化得分均低于异常组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;职业倦怠组的心电图异常、甲状腺结节、乳腺增生或结节、超重或肥胖的检出率高于零倦怠组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 儿科护理人员职业倦怠发生率较高,倦怠程度与健康状况密切相关,互为因果;应缓解儿科护理人员工作压力,提高职业成就感,改善职业环境,提升健康水平,最终降低儿科护理人员职业倦怠发生率.

Objective To evaluate job burnout of pediatric nurses and explore the correlation between health status and job burnout in pediatric nurses.Methods A total of 226 pediatric nurses from 4 class Ⅲ grade A provincial hospitals were surveyed using the questionnaire. Annual physical examination data were included to analyze the correlation of health status and job burnout in pediatric nurses.Results A number of 154 cases （68.4%） underwent job burnout, most of which were mild job burnout （n=78, 34.51%）. A number of 209 cases （92.48%） were detected with positive signs in physical examination. The scores of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization among healthy population were lower than those in the sub healthy population （P〈0.05）. The detection rate of abnormal electrocardiogram （ECG）, thyroid nodules, mammary gland hyperplasia and breast nodules projects in undergoing job burnout group were significantly higher than those in non-burnout group （P〈0.05）.Conclusions The rate of job burnout in pediatric nurses is high and relative to sub-health state. The professional achievement, professional environment and health status should be improved so as to reduce the social psychological stress of pediatric nurses, and ultimately reduce the incidence of pediatric nurses′ job burnout.