某三甲医院护士离职意愿与原因分析

Analysis of turnover intention and reasons of nurses in a class Ⅲ grade A hospital

目的 调查温州医科大学附属第二医院在职护士的离职意愿,分析护士的实际离职原因,探讨降低离职率的对策.方法 对医院132名在职执业护士进行离职意愿调查,并收集2013—2015年该院210名离职护士的资料,比较高离职意愿护士与实际离职护士的差异,进一步分析离职后去向及原因.结果 本研究共纳入132名在职护士,其中23名（17.42%）在职护士存在高离职意愿,高低离职意愿护士两者间在年龄、出生地、学历、职称、婚姻、护龄、是否编制及科室分布等方面均差异无统计学意义;2013—2015年该院共有210名护士离职,年离职率为5.24%,其中外地户口、学历低、职称低是护士发生离职行为的危险因素.离职护士半数以上仍从事护理行业,余下的18.6%护士选择跨界工作,22.9%的护士选择在家做全职主妇,主要离职原因为个人因素及工作环境因素.结论 具有高离职意愿的护士不一定发生实际离职行为,离职还与户口、学历、职称等相关,因此在评估护士离职可能性时应当综合考虑上述因素,作为医院建设稳定的高素质护理团队的参考依据.

Objective To investigate the turnover intention and reasons of nurses in a class Ⅲ grade A hospital in Wenzhou so as to explore the countermeasures to reduce the turnover rate.Methods A survey was carried out on the turnover intentions of 132 practicing nurses in the hospital. The data of the 210 turnover nurses from 2013 to 2015 were collected. The differences between the high-turnover intention nurses and the actual turnover nurses were analyzed to explore the reasons and directions after turnover.Results A total of 132 nurses were enrolled in this study. Among them, 23 （17.42%） of the nurses had high intention to turnover. There were no significant differences in age, place of birth, education, title, marriage, working years, authorized or not and distribution of departments between the high and low turnover intention groups. A total of 210 nurses left from 2013 to 2015 in the hospital, with a turnover rate of 5.24%. Nurses with foreign account, low academic qualifications and the low title had higher turnover risks. More than half of the turnover nurses were still in the nursing profession,while the remaining 18.6% turnover nurses chose to work cross-border, and 22.9% turnover nurses chose to be full-time housewife. The main reasons for leaving were personal factors and work environment factors.Conclusions The nurses who have high intention to quit might not leave. Turnover is related to the account location, educational levels and professional titles. Therefore, the above factors should be taken into account in assessing the possibility of nurse leaving the hospital.