老年急性心肌梗死并发休克患者应用主动脉内球囊反搏术的护理

Nursing care of the intra-aortic balloon pump in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by shock

目的 探讨急性心肌梗死并发休克老年患者应用主动脉内球囊反搏术（IABP）的临床护理措施与效果.方法 回顾性分析笔者所在医院2014年5月—2015年8月应用IABP治疗的老年急性心肌梗死并发休克患者60例,根据护理方法分为观察组（n=30）和对照组（n=30）,观察组给予综合护理措施,对照组给予常规护理方法,比较两组患者治疗后的血流动力学变化及IABP并发症的发生情况.结果 治疗后两组患者的心律、收缩压及舒张压均明显改善,但观察组的血流动力学指标优于对照组,观察组并发症发生情况与对照组相比有所降低,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 通过严密监测急性心肌梗死并发休克患者病情,细致周密地进行综合护理,尤其重视预防和护理并发症,同时加强监测血流动力学、保持合适体位以及给予患者心理护理等,能改善患者病情,帮助其顺利度过置管期.

Objective To explore the nursing intervention of the intra-aortic balloon pump （IABP） in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by shock and its effect.Methods A total of 60 elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by shock who accepted the treatment of IABP were divided into observation group （n=30, comprehensive nursing） and control group （n=30, conventional nursing） according to the nursing interventions from May 2014 to August 2015. The hemodynamics change and the incidence of complications related to IABP of patients were compared between two groups.Results The rhythm of the heart, systolic pressure and diastolic pressure of patients of two groups all obviously improved after treatment. However, the indexes of the hemodynamics change in observation group were statistically better than those in control group （P〈0.05）. Besides, the incidence rate of complications in observation group was lower than that in control group with significant differences （P〈0.05）.Conclusions These nursing interventions can improve patients′ condition and help them get through the indwelling catheter period which involve closely monitoring the condition of patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by shock, carefully implementing comprehensive care especially in preventing complications and related nursing care along with nursing care on monitoring the hemodynamics, keeping suitable position and giving mental nursing and so on.