技术市场:功能的局限性与适合交易的技术类型

Technology Market: Limitation of Its Functions and Suitable Trading types of Technology on it

技术交易的信息非对称性、信息不完全性、公共物品属性、技术产权的易逝性、技术合约的不完全性、技术市场参与人的有限理性等特征 ,决定了技术交易存在高昂的交易成本 ,技术价格调节不能使技术市场出清。因而 ,企业和科研机构的决策者必须根据技术本身的内在特点 ,决定一项技术是通过内部创新来实现转化 ,还是通过市场交易来实现转化。本文从渐进型创新—急剧型创新、产品创新—工艺创新两个维度 ,将技术成果分为四种类型 ,分析其通过技术市场交易的适应性。

Technology commodity has characteristics of public goods and fugitiveness of property right,while technology transaction has characteristics of asymmetry of information,incompleteness of information and incompleteness of contract. Those characteristics lead technology transaction to extremely high transaction cost. The adjustment of technology price can't make the market clear. So the managers of enterprises or institutes must make decision on whether a particular technology should be obtained by internal innovation or by transaction in technology market. From two dimensions of revolutionary innovation radical innovation and product innovation process innovation,it categorizes fechnical achievements into four different kinds,and analyzes respectively their adaptability to market transaction.